Neuromuscular Orthodontics, Grounded in a Novel Neurobiological
Paradigm of the Human Body, Delineates Treatment Objectives Distinct
from Those in Traditional Orthodontics
by Fabio Savastano, Prof, MD, DDS, MSc, Orth
Abstract
A paradigm shift in orthodontics could arrive shortly. The neuromuscular
theory underscores the crucial relationship among muscles, joints, and
teeth for achieving optimal occlusion and functional stability. It
transcends conventional dental alignment, acknowledging the intricate
interplay between the musculoskeletal system and occlusion.
This theory has transformed how orthodontists approach diagnosis and
treatment planning. Practitioners now appreciate the need to assess the
functional aspects of the masticatory system, encompassing muscle
activity, joint position, and occlusal forces. This comprehensive
evaluation facilitates the identification of underlying causes of
malocclusion, guiding the formulation of personalized treatment
strategies.
Technological strides have significantly supported the application of
the neuromuscular theory in orthodontics. Techniques like
electromyography, computerized jaw tracking, and advanced imaging
modalities allow precise assessment of muscle function, joint position,
and occlusal relationships. These tools offer crucial insights into the
dynamic nature of occlusion, contributing to the formulation of
effective treatment plans.
The Neuromuscular Theory has fostered interdisciplinary collaboration
among orthodontists and diverse healthcare professionals, including oral
and maxillofacial surgeons, osteopaths, and prosthodontists. This
collaborative approach recognizes the interconnectedness of various
systems within the stomatognathic complex, yielding more comprehensive
and successful treatment outcomes.
By scrutinizing the dynamic relationships among muscles, joints, and
teeth, orthodontists can attain heightened treatment stability and
long-term success. Addressing functional issues related to occlusion
aids in preventing relapse and mitigating the risk of temporomandibular
joint disorders and other complications.
The distinctive nature of neuromuscular treatments is underscored by
these considerations, intertwined with the new neurobiological model of
the human body. Additionally, the study focuses into the crucial aspects
of facial morphology and their role in diagnosis and treatment outcomes.